All corrections
Wikipedia August 24, 2026 at 03:18 PM

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics

2 corrections found

1
Claim
Direct or forward kinematics refers to the manual control of joints to manipulate end effectors, while in inverse kinematics, end-effector states are predetermined and the joint values automated.
Correction

This sentence misdefines forward and inverse kinematics. Forward kinematics maps joint values to the end-effector pose, while inverse kinematics solves for joint values that achieve a desired end-effector pose.

Full reasoning

In robotics, forward (direct) kinematics is not "manual control of joints." It is the mathematical mapping from a robot's joint variables to the position/orientation (pose) of the end effector. Conversely, inverse kinematics is the problem of finding the joint variables that produce a specified end-effector pose.

Authoritative robotics teaching materials define these terms this way:

  • The UPC robotics course notes state: "The Direct Kinematics (or Forward Kinematics) maps the joint values to the pose of the End-Effector."
  • The same course's inverse-kinematics notes say: "The inverse kinematics (IK) problem copes with the determination of the joint variables corresponding to a given end-effector pose."
  • MIT's Robotic Manipulation notes likewise describe forward kinematics as a mapping from joint angles to the pose of the gripper, and inverse kinematics as solving from end-effector pose to joint angles.

So the article's sentence reverses the standard meaning of these concepts and replaces them with descriptions about manual vs. automated control, which is not what forward/inverse kinematics mean in robotics.

3 sources
2
Claim
The autopilot can control the plane through takeoff, normal flight, and landing.
Correction

This overstates what airliner autopilots normally do. Commercial airliners routinely use autopilot in flight and can autoland in some conditions, but automatic takeoff is not standard in-service autopilot capability.

Full reasoning

This sentence is misleading because it treats automatic takeoff as a normal capability of passenger-aircraft autopilot systems.

Authoritative Airbus materials show the opposite:

  • In 2020 Airbus announced the first fully automatic vision-based takeoff as a milestone on a test aircraft under its ATTOL research project. Airbus described it as a demonstrator project to explore autonomy, not a normal in-service passenger-aircraft capability.
  • Airbus's A220 safety bulletin warns that autopilot engagement during the takeoff roll can cause premature rotation and possible loss of control, and says the aircraft would be modified to inhibit autopilot engagement during takeoff and until 6 seconds after liftoff.

So while autopilot is routinely used for many phases of flight and some airliners can perform autoland, the article's blanket statement that autopilot can control a passenger airliner through takeoff, normal flight, and landing is inaccurate as a general description of standard commercial-airliner operation.

2 sources
Model: OPENAI_GPT_5 Prompt: v1.16.0