zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E6%80%9D%E8%97%8F
1 correction found
最早，「衛」和「藏」由藏传佛教的两个不同教派统治：「衛」由格鲁派统治，「藏」由萨迦派统治。
这句话把卫、藏两地的形成和统治历史说反了。卫、藏作为地区早在吐蕃帝国时期就已存在，而格鲁派直到15世纪才形成；此外，近代以前与卫对峙的后藏政权主要与噶举派相关，并非简单由萨迦派统治。
Full reasoning
这句话存在明显的时间错置（anachronism）。
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“卫”和“藏”作为地区早于格鲁派数百年存在。 学术资料说明，Ü（卫）是6至9世纪吐蕃帝国的核心地区；而格鲁派只是“much later”的政教力量。既然卫、藏这些地区在吐蕃帝国时期就已存在，就不能说它们“最早”是由格鲁派/萨迦派这类后起教派来分别统治的。
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格鲁派本身是15世纪才形成的。 《Treasury of Lives》明确说格鲁派“follows the teachings of the fifteenth-century scholar monk Je Tsongkhapa ... founded ... Ganden ... in 1409”。Cambridge 的研究摘要也说 “The Geluk sect formed during this period”，所指是早明时期，而不是更早的“最早”阶段。因此，“卫最早由格鲁派统治”在时间上不成立。
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把“藏（后藏）”说成由萨迦派统治也不准确。 关于16—17世纪卫、藏对峙时期，可靠资料指出藏（Tsang）的统治者是噶举派的支持者。例如《Treasury of Lives》写道：“In 1618, the ruler of Tsang, a supporter of the Kagyu tradition...”；Cambridge 的书评摘要也说 “Tsang kings patronised Kagyupas”。这与文中把“藏”概括为“由萨迦派统治”不符。
综合来看，这句话把地区形成史、宗派形成时间和后藏的实际政治宗教格局混为一谈了。更稳妥的说法应是：卫、藏作为区域概念早已存在；格鲁派在15世纪后逐渐在卫取得主导地位，而与之竞争的后藏政权在近代早期主要与噶举派有关。
4 sources
- An Introduction to Ü | Mandala Collections - Texts
Ü is the home of the heart of the old Tibetan empire in the sixth through ninth centuries, as well as the much later theocratic government run by the Geluk tradition ... from the seventeenth century onwards.
- The Gelug Tradition - The Treasury of Lives
The Gelug ... follows the teachings of the fifteenth-century scholar monk Je Tsongkhapa ... founded several monasteries in the Lhasa region, chief among them Ganden ... in 1409.
- 17th Century - The Treasury of Lives
In 1618, the ruler of Tsang, a supporter of the Kagyu tradition, forced the ruler of U into submission.
- Reviews of Books (Cambridge University Press snippet)
Tsang kings patronised Kagyupas who then dominated the religious scene. Meanwhile Gelugpas adopted the device of tulkus ...