zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%86%A5_(%E8%BA%AB)
2 corrections found
緊貼睾丸白膜表面嘅叫臟層(lamina parietalis)、襯於陰囊壁裏面嘅叫壁層(lamina visceralis)
呢度將睾丸鞘膜兩層嘅拉丁名調轉咗。正確係：貼住睾丸白膜／睾丸同附睾嗰層係 visceral layer（lamina visceralis），而襯住陰囊壁嗰層先係 parietal layer（lamina parietalis）。
Full reasoning
權威解剖學來源都將兩層分工寫得一致：parietal layer 係覆蓋陰囊內壁／陰囊壁內面，visceral layer 就包住睾丸同附睾、貼近 tunica albuginea（睾丸白膜）。
所以原文入面嘅中文描述方向其實係對嘅（「臟層」貼住睾丸、「壁層」襯住陰囊壁），但括號入面嘅拉丁名寫反咗：
- 原文話貼住睾丸白膜嗰層係 lamina parietalis，但權威來源指呢層應該係 lamina visceralis。
- 原文話襯住陰囊壁嗰層係 lamina visceralis，但權威來源指呢層應該係 lamina parietalis。
因此，錯誤唔係喺層次概念本身，而係喺 parietalis / visceralis 兩個拉丁術語被互相調轉咗。
2 sources
- Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Scrotum - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf
It has a parietal and a visceral layer. The parietal layer has the function of covering the inner aspect of the scrotal wall and the visceral layer coats the testis and epididymis.
- Ultrasonography of the scrotum in adults - PMC
The visceral layer lines the tunica albuginea of the testis and is separated from the parietal layer that lines the inner aspect of the scrotal wall by a small amount of fluid-containing interspace.
所以喺醫學上，生前列腺癌，要切膥。
前列腺癌唔係一律都要切除睾丸。治療要視乎分期同風險，可以係主動監察、手術、放射治療、荷爾蒙治療等；切睾丸只係其中一種荷爾蒙治療（orchiectomy）。
Full reasoning
呢句將某一類治療講成所有前列腺癌患者都「要」做，與現代腫瘤治療指引唔符。
美國 CDC 列出嘅前列腺癌常見治療包括：active surveillance（主動監察）、surgery（手術）、radiation therapy（放射治療）、hormone therapy（荷爾蒙治療） 等，顯示前列腺癌有多種治療路徑，並唔係人人都要切除睾丸。
NCI 亦明確寫到：未擴散到身體其他部位嘅前列腺癌，標準治療係手術或放射治療，可配合或唔配合荷爾蒙治療；而低風險患者仲可以選擇 active surveillance。同時，NCI 嘅荷爾蒙治療資料又指出，orchiectomy（切除雙側睾丸） 只係 androgen deprivation therapy, ADT（雄激素剝奪治療）其中一種做法，用嚟降低睾丸產生嘅雄激素。
換言之，切睾丸並唔係「生前列腺癌就一定要做」嘅通則；佢只係特定情況下可能採用嘅其中一種治療方式。
3 sources
- Treatment of Prostate Cancer | Prostate Cancer | CDC
Different types of treatment are available for prostate cancer... Some common treatments for prostate cancer are: Expectant management... Surgery... Radiation therapy... Hormone therapy...
- Advances in Prostate Cancer Research - NCI
Standard treatments for prostate cancer that has not spread elsewhere in the body are surgery or radiation therapy, with or without hormone therapy. Active surveillance is also an option for men who have a low risk of their cancer spreading.
- Hormone Therapy for Prostate Cancer Fact Sheet - NCI
Treatments that reduce androgen production by the testicles are the most commonly used hormone therapies for prostate cancer... This form of hormone therapy... includes: Orchiectomy, a surgical procedure to remove both testicles.