www.lesswrong.com/posts/SacB4mg6nJWATKB3Y/a-proposal-for-a-cryogenic-grave-for-c...
1 correction found
1/12,000 × r2 × k\-1 centuries
This boiloff-time formula is too optimistic. For a vented liquid-nitrogen tank, boiloff is set by latent heat only, not latent heat plus warming the gas to room temperature.
Full reasoning
NASA’s cryogenic test documentation defines heat leak from liquid-nitrogen boiloff as boiloff rate × latent heat of vaporization, not latent heat plus the enthalpy of warming the boiloff gas to ambient. In parallel, official liquid-nitrogen handling guidance says cryogenic containers are pressure-relieved and normally vent, so that warmed nitrogen gas is not retained as stored cold inventory.
That matters here because the post’s century estimate uses 346 MJ/m³, which comes from counting both:
- liquid nitrogen’s latent heat of vaporization, and
- the heat needed to warm the resulting nitrogen gas by 220 °C.
But for a normal liquid-nitrogen storage vessel, the gas vents away; standard boiloff accounting therefore uses the latent heat term only.
Using NASA’s liquid-nitrogen properties from the cited table:
- density ≈ 0.81 g/cc (= 810 kg/m³)
- latent heat of vaporization ≈ 198 J/g (= 198 kJ/kg)
So the relevant volumetric energy for boiloff is about:
810 kg/m³ × 198 kJ/kg ≈ 1.60 × 10^8 J/m³
not 3.46 × 10^8 J/m³.
Keeping the post’s own heat-leak expression 25 × k × r × ΔT, the resulting time constant is approximately:
(4.2 r³ × 1.60×10^8) / (25 k r × 220) ≈ (1/25,973) × r²/k centuries
So the quoted 1/12,000 × r²/k centuries overstates survival time by about a factor of 2.16.
For example, plugging in the post’s later r = 12 m and k = 0.012 W/m·K gives about 0.46 centuries (~46 years), not 1 century.
3 sources
- Apparatus for Testing Flat Specimens of Thermal Insulation - NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
The total heat-leak rate is measured and calculated as the boil-off flow rate multiplied by the latent heat of vaporization.
- Page 3 : USDA ARS
Cryogenic containers are equipped with pressure relief devices... Under normal conditions, these containers will periodically vent product... If the cap is not vented the liquid nitrogen will boil and build up pressure until the bottle EXPLODES.
- NASA Technical Note (table IV: properties of liquid nitrogen)
Properties of liquid nitrogen: Density ... 0.81 g/cc; Latent heat of vaporization ... 198 J/g.