en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobitism
3 corrections found
announced his conversion to Catholicism in 1677
This date is wrong. James II had converted by 1669, and his Catholicism became publicly known in 1673, not 1677.
Full reasoning
The article places James's announcement of his conversion in 1677, but authoritative sources put the conversion and its public disclosure earlier.
- The Royal Household's biography of James II states plainly: "James converted to Catholicism in 1669."
- Parliamentary history explains that James's Catholic faith became publicly known in 1673, when the Test Act forced him to resign his offices rather than deny Catholic doctrine.
- An Oxford reference work preview likewise summarizes 1673 as the year James "makes public his conversion to Catholicism."
So the statement is incorrect on its own terms: 1677 was not the year James announced his conversion.
3 sources
- Oxford reference preview PDF
James, Duke of York, makes public his conversion to Catholicism ... 1673
- Catholics and Protestants - UK Parliament
James, Duke of York, made his Catholic faith publicly known later that year and resigned all his offices under the terms of the Test Act.
- James II (r.1685-1688) | The Royal Family
James converted to Catholicism in 1669.
after the establishment of the Scottish Episcopal Church in 1712
This misdates the church's formation. The Scottish Episcopal Church was formed after the 1689 Revolution; 1712 brought toleration/legal relief, not its establishment.
Full reasoning
The article says the Scottish Episcopal Church was established in 1712, but the church's own historical materials place its formation earlier.
- The Scottish Episcopal Church's official history says: "The 1689 Revolution established the national Church of Scotland as Presbyterian and an independent non-established Scottish Episcopal Church was formed."
- A parish history within the Scottish Episcopal Church tradition likewise states that in 1689 the Scottish Episcopal Church was disestablished and that the Toleration Act of 1712 later allowed Episcopalians to seek other meeting places.
That means 1712 marks a toleration/relief measure for Episcopalians, not the original establishment of the Scottish Episcopal Church itself.
2 sources
- About us - The Scottish Episcopal Church
The 1689 Revolution established the national Church of Scotland as Presbyterian and an independent non-established Scottish Episcopal Church was formed.
- History - St John the Baptist
In 1689 the Scottish Episcopal Church was disestablished and disendowed... by the Toleration Act of 1712, Episcopalians were allowed to seek other meeting places.
since James was 52
James was 51, not 52, when he became king in February 1685.
Full reasoning
This age is off by a year. James II was born in 1633 and succeeded to the throne in February 1685. At that point he was still 51; he did not turn 52 until October 1685.
The Royal Household biography states that James II "succeeded to the throne peacefully at the age of 51."
1 source
- James II (r.1685-1688) | The Royal Family
Despite his conversion, James II succeeded to the throne peacefully at the age of 51.