en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France
4 corrections found
On 8 February 1250, Louis lost his army at the Battle of Fariskur and was captured by the Egyptians.
This mixes up two different battles. 8 February 1250 was the Battle of Mansurah; the Battle of Fariskur happened later, on 6 April 1250, during the crusaders’ retreat.
Full reasoning
The date and battle name do not match.
- 8 February 1250 is the date of the Battle of Mansura (Mansurah), not Fariskur.
- Fariskur was fought later, on 6 April 1250. That later defeat ended the retreat and led to Louis IX's capture.
So the article incorrectly places the Battle of Fariskur on 8 February. At minimum, the sentence conflates the February battle at Mansurah with the April battle at Fariskur.
This matters because the sequence of events in the Seventh Crusade is well established: the crusaders fought at Mansurah in February, remained trapped for weeks, then were destroyed while retreating in early April.
2 sources
- Battle of Mansura, 8 February 1250 (Egypt)
"Battle of Mansura, 8 February 1250 (Egypt)"; the page describes the February 8 battle before Mansura.
- Battle of Fariskur, 6 April 1250
"Battle of Fariskur, 6 April 1250"; the page states the Egyptians attacked in full strength on 6 April and that Louis IX then fell into their hands.
and in 1260, as the Mongols under Hulagu Khan sacked Baghdad and advanced into Syria,
The sack of Baghdad did not happen in 1260. Hülegü’s Mongol army captured and sacked Baghdad in February 1258.
Full reasoning
This clause is chronologically wrong.
Baghdad was taken and sacked by Hülegü's forces in 1258, not in 1260. The Mongols did continue campaigning westward afterward, including into Syria, but the sack of Baghdad itself belongs to the earlier 1258 campaign.
So the sentence incorrectly ties the sack of Baghdad to the year 1260.
2 sources
- The Mongol's besiege and capture Baghdad in 1258
The page states that Hulagu advanced on Baghdad in late 1257 and that the caliph capitulated on "the 10th of February 1258."
- Iraq - The later Abbasids, 1152–1258 | Britannica
Britannica states: "The city fell on February 10, 1258" under the Mongol force commanded by Hülegü.
including parts of Aquitaine, Maine, and Provence.
Provence was not annexed by Louis IX. It remained outside the French kingdom for centuries and was only annexed to France in 1481/1486.
Full reasoning
This list is inaccurate because Provence was not annexed under Louis IX.
Larousse's historical article on Provence states that "L'annexion au royaume a lieu en 1481" (annexation to the kingdom took place in 1481). Its Louis IX entry likewise describes the Treaty of Corbeil (1258) as Aragon giving up its claims to Provence and Languedoc, while Louis gained only a political advantage or droit de regard in the south through his marriage—not an annexation of Provence to the French crown.
So while Louis IX strengthened Capetian influence in southern France, saying he annexed Provence during his reign is wrong.
2 sources
- Archive Larousse : Dictionnaire de l'Histoire de France - Provence
Larousse states: "La période française. • L'annexion au royaume a lieu en 1481."
- Louis IX ou Saint Louis - LAROUSSE
Larousse says that in the 1258 Treaty of Corbeil the king of Aragon abandoned claims on Provence and Languedoc, and that through marriage Louis IX had only a "droit de regard" over southern France.
As a result of the disputation, Pope Gregory IX declared that all copies of the Talmud should be seized and destroyed.
Gregory IX did not simply order all copies of the Talmud destroyed. His 1239 letters called for Jewish books to be seized and examined; the later condemnation and burning followed the Paris proceedings.
Full reasoning
This sentence overstates Gregory IX's action.
Two independent sources describe Gregory IX's 1239 intervention as an order to seize Jewish books or Talmud manuscripts for examination, not an immediate papal decree that all copies be destroyed.
- Corpus Christianorum states that in 1239 Gregory IX wrote to rulers and bishops "urging them to seize and examine the manuscripts of the Talmud".
- A University of Texas teaching source on the Paris Talmud burning says the pope ordered that Jewish books be seized and handed to friars for examination; only after the Paris trial was the Talmud condemned to be burned.
So the article collapses two stages into one: Gregory IX's seizure-and-examination order, and the later condemnation/burning that followed the Paris proceedings.
2 sources
- The Talmud in Latin
"In 1239 Pope Gregory IX wrote to kings and bishops across Europe, urging them to seize and examine the manuscripts of the Talmud in their dominions."
- Hist/J ST/RL ST 235 - Talmud Burning
"On a sabbath morning, Jewish books were to be seized and handed over to the friars for examination... As a result, the Talmud was condemned to be burned."