en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_boom
4 corrections found
as an experimental emotional tool.
ELIZA was created to study natural-language communication, not as an “experimental emotional tool.”
Full reasoning
Weizenbaum’s 1966 paper gives ELIZA’s purpose directly in its title: "A Computer Program For the Study of Natural Language Communication Between Man and Machine." The paper’s abstract says ELIZA is a program that makes certain kinds of natural-language conversation possible, and its discussion explains that the well-known psychotherapist behavior came from a specific script choice, not from ELIZA being built as an "emotional tool." So this description misstates the program’s purpose.
1 source
- Joseph Weizenbaum's ELIZA: Communications of the ACM, January 1966
ELIZA--A Computer Program For the Study of Natural Language Communication Between Man and Machine ... ELIZA is a program operating within the MAC time-sharing system at MIT which makes certain kinds of natural language conversation between man and computer possible.
In 1956, John McCarthy used the term "artificial intelligence" for the first time.
McCarthy coined the term in 1955, in the Dartmouth proposal for the 1956 summer project.
Full reasoning
This date is off by a year. John McCarthy’s own Stanford-hosted page on the Dartmouth proposal says the proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence was the first use of the phrase "Artificial Intelligence". That proposal is dated August 31, 1955. The Computer History Museum likewise states that McCarthy coined the term in a 1955 proposal for the 1956 Dartmouth conference. So the article’s claim that he first used the term in 1956 is incorrect.
2 sources
- Proposal for Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence
The proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence was, so far as I know, the first use of phrase Artificial Intelligence.
- John McCarthy | PDP-1 Restoration Project | Computer History Museum
He subsequently coined the term "artificial intelligence" in a 1955 proposal for a conference to be held at Dartmouth College on the topic in the summer of 1956.
In 1962, McCarthy founded Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Stanford’s own materials say SAIL was founded in 1963, not 1962.
Full reasoning
This date is contradicted by Stanford’s official histories of the lab. The Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory’s own "About" page says SAIL was "founded in 1963 by Professor John McCarthy." Stanford’s university-wide AI history page likewise says McCarthy "established the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory on campus in 1963." That makes the article’s 1962 founding date incorrect.
2 sources
- About - Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
The Stanford Artificial Intelligence Lab (SAIL), founded in 1963 by Professor John McCarthy, continues to be a rich, intellectual and stimulating academic environment.
- Human-Centered AI at Stanford | Stanford University
Computer science Professor John McCarthy, a “founding father” of AI, established the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory on campus in 1963.
From 2019 to 2024, Google's greenhouse gas emissions increased by nearly 50%,
Google’s 2024 environmental report says the near-50% increase was for 2023 emissions relative to 2019, not from 2019 to 2024.
Full reasoning
Google’s official 2024 Environmental Report explicitly says it features information from the 2023 fiscal year and notes some achievements from the first half of 2024. In that same report cycle, Google said "In 2023, our total GHG emissions increased 13% year-over-year". So the widely cited near-50% increase refers to 2023 emissions compared with Google’s 2019 base year, reported in 2024—not to emissions measured through calendar year 2024. The article’s wording gets the endpoint year wrong.
2 sources
- 2024 Environmental Report - Google Sustainability
This report features information from our 2023 fiscal year (January 1 to December 31, 2023). It also mentions some notable achievements from the first half of 2024.
- Google's 2024 Environmental Report
In 2023, our total GHG emissions increased 13% year-over-year, primarily driven by increased data center energy consumption and supply chain emissions.