andrewjohnson95.substack.com/p/did-john-adams-support-a-coup
4 corrections found
John Jay never responded to Hamilton’s entreaty
Jay did respond to Hamilton’s proposal—he rejected it in a note written on Hamilton’s letter itself.
Full reasoning
The article says Jay "never responded" to Hamilton's May 7, 1800 proposal. But the surviving letter bears John Jay’s own written endorsement rejecting the idea: he described it as Hamilton "proposing a measure for party purposes" that he thought it "would not become me to adopt." Founders Online's editorial note is explicit that no separate reply letter has been located, but Jay nonetheless did record a response on the letter itself. So the accurate formulation is that Jay did not send a known separate reply, not that he never responded at all.
2 sources
- Alexander Hamilton to John Jay, 7 May 1800 | Founders Online
Endorsed: “Gen. Hamilton / 7 May 1800 / proposing a measure for / party purposes w h I think it / w d. not become me to adopt—”. ... “JJ’s reply not located, although he noted his response to AH’s proposal in the letter’s endorsement.”
- Columbia University Libraries Online Exhibitions | Alexander Hamilton to John Jay, detail of endorsement
Item information for “Alexander Hamilton to John Jay, detail of endorsement,” dated 7 May 1800, from the John Jay Papers at Columbia University.
the governor approved a resolution for 20,000 militia members to be activated and given the power to arrest and try any individual in Pennsylvania, including members of Congress, involved in appointing someone other than Jefferson or Burr as president
McKean’s letter describes several separate contingency measures; it does not say he approved one resolution authorizing 20,000 militiamen to arrest and try people.
Full reasoning
The source this appears to rely on—Thomas McKean’s letter to Jefferson of March 21, 1801—describes three different preparations, not a single resolution doing all of this.
McKean wrote that:
- a proclamation was drafted ordering obedience to Jefferson as president and Burr as vice president;
- a resolution was prepared for Pennsylvania’s House to approve that proclamation; and
- separately, militia arms for “upwards of twenty thousand” were secured, and an order would have issued for the arrest of members of Congress or others involved in the “treason.”
So the article collapses distinct steps into one measure and overstates what the resolution itself did. The documentary record shows a proposed House resolution backing a proclamation, plus separate militia and arrest preparations—not a resolution that itself activated 20,000 militia and empowered them to arrest and try people.
1 source
- Letter from Thomas McKean to Thomas Jefferson (March 21, 1801) - Encyclopedia Virginia
“a proclamation was framed by myself... a resolution was also prepared for our House of Representatives to adopt, approving the proclamation... The Militia would have been warned to be ready, arms for upwards of twenty thousand were secured... and an order would have issued for the arresting & bringing to justice every member of Congress...”
Jefferson studiously presided over the Senate whenever it was in session, avoiding the need for a replacement
Jefferson did not preside whenever the Senate was in session during this period: John E. Howard served as president pro tempore in November 1800, and James Hillhouse was elected president pro tempore on February 28, 1801.
Full reasoning
The claim is too absolute. Senate records show that John E. Howard served as president pro tempore from November 21–27, 1800, and James Hillhouse served from February 28–March 3, 1801. The Senate journal for November 25, 1800 is signed by “JOHN E. HOWARD, President of the Senate, pro tempore,” and the journal for February 28, 1801 records that “The Senate proceeded to the election of a President, pro tempore ... and the Honorable James Hillhouse was duly elected.” So Jefferson was not presiding whenever the Senate was in session during the transition.
3 sources
- U.S. Senate: About the President Pro Tempore | Presidents Pro Tempore
The official Senate list shows John E. Howard as president pro tempore from Nov. 21–27, 1800, and James Hillhouse from Feb. 28–Mar. 3, 1801.
- Journal of the Senate of the United States, 1800-1801 | Congress.gov
November 25, 1800 entry signed: “JOHN E. HOWARD, President of the Senate, pro tempore.”
- Journal of the Senate of the United States, 1800-1801 | Congress.gov
February 28, 1801 entry: “The Senate proceeded to the election of a President, pro tempore, as the constitution provides; and the Honorable James Hillhouse was duly elected.”
Sedgwick said of Aaron Burr that “\[h\]is very selfishness will afford some security that he will not only patronize their \[Federalist\] support their invigoration.”
This quote is garbled. Sedgwick’s actual sentence referred to ‘our commercial & other national systems’ and said Burr would ‘not only patronize their support but their invigoration.’
Full reasoning
The article presents this as a direct quotation from Theodore Sedgwick, but the wording is not what the source says. In the surviving text, Sedgwick wrote that Burr’s circumstances had enabled him to appreciate the benefits of “our commercial & other national systems” and that Burr would “not only patronize their support but their invigoration.” The article’s version drops the intervening phrase and mangles the end of the sentence into an ungrammatical quote. That matters because the quote is being used as evidence for how Federalists evaluated Burr.
2 sources
- Theodore Sedgwick to Alexander Hamilton, 10 January 1801 | Founders Online
“The situation in which he lives has enabled him to discern and justly appreciate the benefits resulting from our commercial & other national systems; and this same selfishness will afford some security that he will not only patronize their support but their invigoration.”
- Founders on the Founders (Center for the Study of the American Constitution, University of Wisconsin–Madison)
Excerpt from Theodore Sedgwick to Alexander Hamilton, 10 January 1801: “...our commercial & other national systems; and this same selfishness will afford some security that he will not only patronize their support but their invigoration.”